My Opinion on SeaWorld and Blackfish






(This is going  to be a long blog post. If you are not in the mood to read and would rather listen, there is a link to my YouTube video at the bottom of this page that goes along with this post.)

So let me just start off with the obvious:
I Support SeaWorld.

That’s right, I am pro SeaWorld.

Now you guys are probably like Zowie, what the heck? You love animals, you went to school for animal behavior, ecology, and conservation! How can you be pro SeaWorld!!?!?!? Haven’t you seen Blackfish?! Have you even been to SeaWorld?!

Ok , so #1 Yes, I have been to SeaWorld, and I am here today to explain to you exactly why I support SeaWorld, and #2 Nothing makes me more mad than Blackfish…..well except maybe someone chewing with their mouth open….that really grinds my gears. So needless to say, I’ll explain why “I watched Blackfish” is not a valid reason to be anti SeaWorld.

Now don’t get me wrong, being supportive of SeaWorld doesn't mean I agree with everything they do. I support any good zoo, but in every zoo i’ve been to, there is always at least one enclosure that I don’t like. It doesn’t mean I’m going to throw a fit and boycott that zoo.  I obviously don’t love orcas being kept in those pools, I mean that is a given.



Ok, so here is the part that I think everyone forgets :
SeaWorld is more than just their orcas.

So let’s start from the beginning:

SeaWorld opened in 1964. Back then, zoos and aquariums took animals from the wild with the intentions to show off animal collections and make money off of them. This wasn’t unique to SeaWorld, yet SeaWorld to this day seems to be the main victim of these claims.

Over the years, zoos and aquariums have moved in positive directions. So how has SeaWorld changed for the better?

Well to start, SeaWorld has not captured an orca from the wild in over 35 years. A majority of their current orcas were captive bred.

In recent years, SeaWorld San Diego announced the end of their killer whale show and breeding program, with Parks in Orlando and San Antonio following suit, ending their shows by 2019.

Now before you get all excited about the Orcas not having to perform “tricks”,  let me clarify by saying the orcas will still have training and cues from trainers. If you visit the parks, you’ll still see orcas leaping out of the water, because it is a natural behavior, and part of zoos and aquariums jobs is to encourage animals to exhibit their natural behavior.

Because I want to end on a good note, I will now dissect claims made in Blackfish, and then I’ll give you the reasons I support SeaWorld.







Blackfish, the one sided movie (notice how I will not call it a documentary). I’ve never watched it, and I never will. Even when it came out in 2013, I somehow knew it was going to be a whole lot of hoolpa. It contains 99% false information that plays off of viewers emotion rather than giving scientific information backed by research. The movie mostly contains information that was true way back when the parks first opened and orcas were wild caught and used for money, rather than showing recent happenings. (Did I mention it’s a whole lot of hoopla?)

Now, I get why someone who has watched Blackfish without visiting SeaWorld or researching the parks would have a lot of hatred. So before you get all defensive and come after me for tearing apart Blackfish when I’ve never seen it, let me explain.

I had the pleasure of meeting Heather Hill, a comparative psychologist, marine biologist, and marine mammal specialist that has studied several marine mammals and humans in captivity for over 20 years (including, you guessed it, orcas!).

She came and spoke at my school about her research, some of which was based off of the claims in Blackfish. As someone who has studied these animals in captivity for over 2 decades, she had a lot to say about claims against marine mammals in captivity and had spent a good amount of time dissecting Blackfish and finding all of the false information in it (AND BACKING IT WITH SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH).

Perhaps the most in your face emotional tug of the movie is the music. As a dual major with Digital Media Art, I have to applaud their genius use of music. Throughout the movie, they use music to set the mood, so they obviously aren’t using happy music. The next time you watch Blackfish, I want you to mute the tv, and play some happy music. See how your perception of what is happening on film changes.

In an interview with former trainer Kyle Kittleson, he explains that many of the scenes in the movie show normal orca behavior, but because of the music overlaying the video, they appear aggressive. This is something Heather Hill also told us.

Kyle makes many good points throughout his interview, so I recommend giving it a watch. You can watch it by following this link.

Do you recall the scene in the film where Samantha Berg is talking about her first time performing waterwork with the orcas? A video played showing her doing that - except it wasn’t her. It was a video of trainer Holly Byrd. They took this life changing moment that meant so much to Holly, and twisted it to make it fit their agenda. You can listen to Holly talk about it in this interview.

Remember how I said SeaWorld hasn’t captured an orca from the wild in over 35 years? If your knowledge of SeaWorld comes from Blackfish, then this might come as a surprise to you, since the movie wants you to believe they are still doing it. (News Flash - the goal of good zoos and aquariums is to conserve species and keep them from going extinct. No good facilities pull animals from the wild anymore unless it’s an emergency situation.

Now let’s get more scientific.

Going back to Heather Hill’s research. When asked about the benefits, Dr. Hill explained that having them in captivity allows for us to study them, and learn about their behavioral development and cognitive abilities, thus helping us better understand them, their social structure, and their needs. According to her, one of the greatest changes in the last 20 years in the care of captive orcas, is the realization of appropriate social groupings, which seaworld has been able to act upon thanks to research done by scientists like Heather Hill.

She was also questioned about what seemed like a boring life for the orcas. Because she studied their behavior for over 20 years, she had seen first hand how not having to spend time hunting or worrying about survival affected what they did with their time.

In captivity, you are able to see more fun and personal behaviors, because you take away the stress of being hunted or having to hunt. There is more time for other things, like play and social interactions. This is common in all captive animals.

Ok, but how do they avoid being bored?

That my friends, is called Enrichment. Keepers, trainers, aquarists, etc. - whoever is in charge of the husbandry and training of these captive animals makes sure to provide plenty of mental stimulation. This can range from toys to keep them occupied, training sessions, puzzles and challenges to stimulate their minds - there are so many different forms of enrichment! Even seeing people is a form of enrichment!

So while we are on the topic, let's talk about training.

You Blackfish watchers may be under the impression that the whales are deprived of food and forced to perform for the public.

What if I told you that is dead WRONG.

Something vital to the health of an animal, such as food, is never withheld from an animal. At SeaWorld they train using operant conditioning and positive reinforcement.

This means that the orcas get rewarded when they do a wanted behavior. Rewards could vary from orca to orca - for some getting a rub down is a reward, for others it's getting sprayed with water, for others it is food. What happens when they don’t do the behavior? Absolutely nothing. And I mean nothing - the trainers ignore it and move on with their day.




So what about the orca shows? Obviously they are forced to perform for the general public, right?

Wrong again! Imagine this…. You are an average 5’5” female on a stage and you give a command to a 12,000 lbs orca to do a backflip out in the pool. Please tell me how you are going to FORCE the orca to do that backflip. If the orca doesn't want to do the backflip, the orca doesn't do the backflip. This is exactly what happens at SeaWorld. They have canceled many orca shows because the orcas didn't feel like performing that day.

Remember earlier when I said SeaWorld agreed to stop their breeding program as a move in the right direction? What if I told you there were problems with this? From a scientific standpoint, without breeding, scientists can no longer research calf relationships - this includes mother and calf, calf and pod, calf with dad, etc. Another reason this is unfortunate, according to Heather Hill, is you are taking an important form of enrichment and life away from the rest of the pod. These females will never get to experience motherhood, and the pod loses a key part of their being, which is the calves.

Speaking of mothers and calves, Blackfish leads you to believe that SeaWorld constantly separate mothers from their babies, and they even play you sounds of crying calfs.

Guess what? SeaWorld hasn't separated a mother and baby in over 3 decades, and would not do so again unless absolutely necessary.

The god awful heartbreaking sounds of a whale crying? Well those sounds are fake. Not real. Nada. They are unrelated recordings played over a video (of an orca that according to many articles isn’t even Kasatka). Also, notice how her mouth is open? Orcas don’t call with their mouths, they make noises via air sacs in their blowhole region, so if those noises were coming from the orca in the film, her mouth wouldn’t be open.

Another topic of conversation with Heather Hill was what makes a good captive environment? According to her, a well put together captive environment must have enough space to create places to get away, it must provide the right social structure, and opportunities to come together and leave one another in a social group - all of which is provided by SeaWorld.

Ok but what about the size of the pools?? The #1 concern people have told me they have with SeaWorld is the size of the pools. If I were to ask why this upsets you, you would tell me things like, the orcas are sad, the orcas want to be in the ocean, the pools aren’t big enough, etc.

So I would follow up with the following questions:

  1. What makes you think the orcas are sad?
  2. How do the orcas know they want to be in the ocean, if they were born in captivity?

Think about this - these animals were born at SeaWorld - they have never been in the ocean, they have never been independent of their trainers, they live in a pool where the water is constantly tested and kept at perfect levels.

You can’t train a captive born orca to be a wild orca, and to hunt, survive, and depend on their pod in a wild environment. So releasing them into the wild is out of the question.

People also argue that the whales are sad. How do you know? Did they whales tell you? Saying they are sad is making an assumption. Send me some research that comes to the conclusion that they are sad and I’ll revisit this topic.

Yes, the pools are small, but when it's all you’ve known, it's your home. What if I told you the whales have access to more than one pool at a time and they prefer to stay in the smaller pools? I have heard this from more than one person, one being Dr. Hill.

Now I’m not saying I agree with the size, but I don’t necessarily agree with the sea pens either. I think it's a great idea and it would be phenomenal if it worked, but ultimately SeaWorld would be gambling with the health and the life of the animals if they made that move. Would it be something to look into for the future? It would, except captive breeding of orcas is not longer happening at SeaWorld, so soon there won’t be any more orcas in the facilities.

Now think about this - a child watches an orca on tv. Ok, cool its an orca. Now imagine a child comes face to face with an orca at SeaWorld - the only thing separating them is the tank. Imagine the awe and appreciation that child now has seeing an orca in person.
This goes for all animals, and is just one of the many things I love about zoological facilities. You can lecture to people all day long about animals in the wild and the conservation initiatives behind them, but it tends to have the best effect when people can make a personal connection - and by this I mean see the animal for themselves.

And you might say, exactly! - Tell them to see the animal in the wild! Then they’ll really have a newfound appreciation! And you are right! Here’s the problem - A Majority of people don’t have the means to travel and see animals in their natural habitats. Take gorillas for instance. It is ridiculously expensive to go out and see gorillas, and there is always a chance you might not even see any!

Sometimes going to a zoo or a place like SeaWorld is the only way a lot of people will actually see an orca and be able to make a personal connection. All SeaWorld wants is to create an appreciation for species and the ocean and to be able to have their rescue and rehabilitation program succeed.



So another hot topic - what is up with their dorsal fins, am I right? We are led to believe that collapsed dorsal fins are a result of captivity, and according to Blackfish, less than 1% of wild orcas have collapsed dorsal fins. What if I told you research has shown that ¼ of the males in the wild New Zealand population ALONE have collapsed dorsal fins?

In reality, a collapsed dorsal fin has nothing to do with the animals health. The collagen in the fin is breaking down, and scientists are still trying to figure out the exact cause, but there seems to be correlations with age and warmer temperature. Age is self explanatory, but let me talk about temperature. Warmer temps can disrupt collagen's structure and rigidity. A captive orca breaches the surface more often than a wild orca, which could be why it is more commonly seen in captivity, BUT it is not only seen in captivity, and it is seen far more than 1% in the wild (sorry Blackfish, you need a fact check). Here is another theory in this awesome article backed with studies.

Speaking of fact checks, the film claims there are no recorded orca attacks on humans in the wild. Ok, then tell me why there are at least 6 recorded incidents of orca attacks in the wild?

Moving on: Blackfish also claims that captivity shortens their lifespan. Recently, the Oxford University Journal of Mammalogy released a peer reviewed study, which says that Killer Whales at SeaWorld live just as long as those in the wild. WOAH Science *brain combustion*.

Now I’ve very clearly hit many points in Blackfish, and there are many more I could hit, but without watching the film, I’ll leave that to the professionals like Heather Hill.

Before I end my Blackfish discussion and move on to the reasons why I ultimately support SeaWorld, let me finish by leaving you with this:

Where you get your information from is just as important, if not more important, than the information itself.

The cast of Blackfish consists of past SeaWorld employees - all which pretty much had an ax to grind with SeaWorld. Want to see for yourself?

Cast:

John Hargrove: Perhaps the most well known Ex SeaWorld employee, because he speaks out against SeaWorld. He was a SeaWorld trainer from 1991 to 2001 and 2008 to 2012. Everyone thinks he’s the god of spilling SeaWorld secrets, but he especially ended on a bad note with the organization. During his time at the park, he was demoted to sea lion and otter for an incident that occurred with another trainer. Shortly after he quit. And get this - he NEVER even worked at SeaWorld Orlando with Tilikum (where the film took place).

Samantha Berg: Blackfish was filmed in 2013. Samantha has not worked at seaworld in over 20 years, therefore what she experienced as a trainer was far different from what SeaWorld is now.  In fact, she admitted that her knowledge about the training of the staff and protocols only extends to what was in place around 1993. She primarily worked with dolphins and sea lions and a little with the killer whales, but she was not a part of Tilikum's team, therefore she never worked with him.

Kim Ashdown:  She primarily worked with beluga whales, dolphins, and sea lions. She worked with killer whales for 4 months and was never assigned to Tilikum's team and therefore never worked with him. She's also never performed waterwork with any of the killer whales (performing in the water with the orcas).

John Jett:  Similar to Samantha Berg, John had not worked at SeaWorld in over 17 years. He was an employee there from 1992 until 1996. He had limited interaction with orcas, and was assigned to Tilikum's team for a little while, but he was always under the supervision of spotters and a senior trainer. He was never in charge of Tilikum's training sessions or husbandry procedures. He ended up getting demoted to sea lion and otter trainer for being a poor swimmer and (rumor has it) disliked by the whales he worked with.

Dean Gomersall: He worked with belugas, dolphins, sea lions, and otters. He never once worked with orcas and was fired for kicking a sea otter (on purpose) during a training session.

Jeffrey Ventre: Again, another past employee who has not worked at seaworld in over 17 years. In his time there, he worked with killer whales for 3 years. He too was fired, except he was fired for sticking his head inside the mouth of one of the orcas known to be aggressive (sounds like a real smart guy, am I right?).

Let’s say I’m impartial and I won’t make a decision about SeaWorld until I watch Blackfish. If I knew that this was the cast that would be telling me what is wrong with SeaWorld in terms of their orcas, I would take what is said in the movie with a grain of salt. Actually, I probably would not even bother watching the movie.

If you ended on bad terms with SeaWorld, or worked at SeaWorld way back when animal husbandry and knowledge was at a minimal, you would probably talk crap about you ex employer too if you found out you could be in a movie making big bucks.

One cast member I did not mention above is Mark Simmons. This is because in a separate interview he claimed he had 3 hours worth of interview footage that he gave. Sure all facilities make mistakes and can make changes. The animal world is always changing and always learning, so did Mark make comments that could make SeaWorld look bad if taken out of context? Ya probably, and this is exactly what the creators of Blackfish did.

He claims they took anything meaningful he had to say, and didn’t include it in the video, obviously because it was against their agenda. Watch the video for yourself here. You can tell this is a man who loved his job and loves the animals, and was truly hurt by the lies that Blackfish portrays.

If you would like to read more about the lies in Blackfish, here is a link to a 32 page chart of all of the misleading scenes and information in the film along with explanations and evidence. Also, here is a link to another blog post in which Isaac Wad dissects Blackfish as well, with links to scientific articles, as well as digital copies of files from events discussed in Blackfish.




Well now that I am finally done ranting about Blackfish, I can move on to all of the reasons SeaWorld has my support.

I said at the beginning that SeaWorld is more than just the orcas, so let's move on and talk about more than just the orcas.       

The most obvious reason to support SeaWorld, is because of the amazing work they do with wildlife rescue and rehabilitation.

SeaWorld and Busch Gardens parks participate in their rescue and rehabilitation program - which is the largest and most advance rescue program in the US. SeaWorld pays for the program out of pocket, which can be anywhere around $1 mil annually. In 2012, the program ended up costing them more than $2.5 million.

That is a lot of money, and what makes it even more amazing is that they are under no obligation to rescue or rehabilitate, the teams that go out are made up of animal care employees and rescue VOLUNTEERS and the money comes out of the companies pocket. Wondering how it can possibly cost that much? Well reducing one sea turtle alone can cost thousands of dollars.




So where does the money come from? It comes from ticket sales and sales within the parks.  Each ticket and everything you do at seaworld helps fund their wildlife rescue and rehabilitation efforts, habitat protections, and ocean health initiatives.

The money also allows them to advance the science behind the program. They were able to develop pilot whale back braces, manatee baby formula, and prosthetic beaks for injured birds.

If you are anything like me, you want to see the number - so here they are:


Animal rescue and rehabilitation has been the heart of seaworld for more than 50 years and they have had over 34,000 rescues. This includes 528 cetaceans, 7972 pinnipeds, 2670 reptiles, 22147 birds, 702 manatees, and 273 other mammals.

And to top it off, like most zoological facilities now a days, they eliminated all plastic straws and plastic bags within the parks.

Like I said, I have been to SeaWorld (recently too, as in 2016). I had heard the horror stories, but I don’t make assumptions and judge until I have all of the facts and experience things for myself.

 

When I visited SeaWorld I was a sophomore in college and was currently in a Social Organization of Mammals class, and we were just finishing up out marine mammal unit, so there was no better time to visit SeaWorld for the first time.

I had also taken a Zoo Exhibitry class, in which we traveled to many zoological facilities and judged them not only from an ABEC (animal behavior, ecology and conservation major) standpoint, but also from a visitor perspective, so I was well prepared to show up to SeaWorld and judge EVERYTHING.

And guess what? SeaWorld is my favorite Florida park (yes, even over Magic Kingdom). I loved my time there, and loved learning all about their rescue and rehabilitation program. I would go there again and again. I threw my money at them in all of the gift shops.

Now this may not change your mind on SeaWorld, and that is fine, you are entitled to your own opinions. All I ask is that you don’t use Blackfish as your reason. Do your own research and visit the park for yourself and make your own decisions based off of your own personal experience and knowledge.


My final statement/question that I am going to leave you with - this is something I say all the time to anti zoo/aquarium/SeaWorld people:
           
            Why are you spending all of your time hating, boycotting, and fighting facilities protecting earth's species, instead of fighting the reasons we need them in the first place?

If you really want them to not exist and to have no animals subjective to captivity, than focus your efforts on poaching, deforestation, global warming, and what you can be doing at home to help the planet be a place where wild animals can thrive.

(side note --- When is the movie Blackshark coming out? Or are all of you animal rights advocates just going to focus on SeaWorld and ignore the fact that the Georgia Aquarium is keeping whale sharks in captivity?)

(side note #2 -- in case you were wondering, yes, I would love to visit the Georgia Aquarium)

Overview of links to check out:



*Highly recommend checking this out*




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